Which of the following angles are congruent and located outside the parallel lines on opposite sides of the transversal?

The correct answer is alternate exterior angles, as they are specifically defined as pairs of angles that are located outside the parallel lines and on opposite sides of the transversal. When two parallel lines are intersected by a transversal, the angles that are formed outside the parallel lines but opposite to each other are congruent.

In geometry, congruent angles are angles that have the same measure. Alternate exterior angles meet this criterion, as they will always be equal in measure when the lines are parallel.

Other angle relationships, such as alternate interior angles, refer to angles located between the parallel lines and are also congruent, but they do not fit the condition of being outside the parallel lines. Complementary angles refer to pairs of angles whose measures sum up to 90 degrees, not related to the positions relative to parallel lines. Exterior angles can be formed with various relationships, but they do not specifically indicate a congruent relationship as required in this context. Thus, the definition and properties of alternate exterior angles directly confirm why they are the correct choice in this scenario.